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    A durable and biocompatible ascorbic acid-based covalent coating method of polydimethylsiloxane for dynamic cell culture

    Year: 2017

    Journal: J. R. Soc. Interface, Volume 14, JUL 1

    Authors: Leivo, Joni; Virjula, Sanni; Vanhatupa, Sari; Kartasalo, Kimmo; Kreutzer, Joose; Miettinen, Susanna; Kallio, Pasi

    Organizations: Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation (TEKES) [40346/11]; Academy of Finland [290304]; Finnish Concordia Fund; Finnish Cultural Foundation; Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation; Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Tampere University Hospital

    Keywords: covalent coating; collagen type I; cell stretching; adipose stem cell; ascorbic acid; polydimethylsiloxane

    Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used in dynamic biological microfluidic applications. As a highly hydrophobic material, native PDMS does not support cell attachment and culture, especially in dynamic conditions. Previous covalent coating methods use glutaraldehyde (GA) which, however, is cytotoxic. This paper introduces a novel and simple method for binding collagen type I covalently on PDMS using ascorbic acid (AA) as a cross-linker instead of GA. We compare the novel method against physisorption and GA cross-linker-based methods. The coatings are characterized by immunostaining, contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy and infrared spectroscopy, and evaluated in static and stretched human adipose stem cell (hASC) cultures up to 13 days. We found that AA can replace GA as a crosslinker in the covalent coating method and that the coating is durable after sonication and after 6 days of stretching. Furthermore, we show that hASCs attach and proliferate better on AA cross-linked samples compared with physisorbed or GA-based methods. Thus, in this paper, we provide a new PDMS coatingmethod for studying cells, such as hASCs, in static and dynamic conditions. The proposed method is an important step in the development of PDMS-based devices in cell and tissue engineering applications.
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