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    Candida lipolytica UCP0988 Biosurfactant : Potential as a Bioremediation Agent and in Formulating a Commercial Related Product

    Year: 2017

    Journal: Front. Microbiol., Volume 8, MAY 1

    Authors: Santos, Danyelle K. F.; Resende, Ana H. M.; de Almeida, Darne G.; Soares da Silva, Rita de Cassia F.; Rufino, Raquel D.; Luna, Juliana M.; Banat, Ibrahim M.; Sarubbo, Leonie A.

    Organizations: State of Pernambuco Foundation for the Assistance; Research and Development Program of the Brazilian National Electrical Energy Agency (ANEEL); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Federal Agency

    Keywords: Candida lipolytica; animal fat; corn steep liquor; bioremediation; petroleum; heavy metals

    The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential application of the biosurfactant from Candida lipolytic a grown in low-cost substrates, which has previously been produced and characterized under optimized conditions as an adjunct material to enhance the remediation processes of hydrophobic pollutants and heavy metals generated by the oil industry and propose the formulation of a safe and stable remediation agent. In tests carried out with seawater, the crude biosurfactant demonstrated 80% oil spreading efficiency. The dispersion rate was 50% for the biosurfactant at a concentration twice that of the CMC. The biosurfactant removed 70% of motor oil from contaminated cotton cloth in detergency tests. The crude biosurfactant also removed 30-40% of Cu and Pb from standard sand, while the isolated biosurfactant removed similar to 30% of the heavy metals. The conductivity of solutions containing Cd and Pb was sharply reduced after biosurfactants' addition. A product was prepared through adding 0.2% potassium sorbate as preservative and tested over 120 days. The formulated biosurfactant was analyzed for emulsification and surface tension under different pH values, temperatures, and salt concentrations and tested for toxicity against the fish Poecilia vivipara. The results showed that the formulation had no toxicity and did not cause significant changes in the tensoactive capacity of the biomolecule while maintaining activity demonstrating suitability for potential future commercial product formulation.
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