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    Development of a Semicontinuous Spray Process for the Production of Superhydrophobic Coatings from Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Solutions

    Year: 2015

    Journal: INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH, Vol. 54, p 1059-1067, 20170208

    Authors: Olin, Pontus; Hyll, Caroline; Ovaskainen, Louise; Ruda, Marcus; Schmidt, Oskar; Turner, Charlotta; Wagberg, Lars

    Organizations: KTH Royal Inst Technol, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden; KTH Royal Inst Technol, Wallenberg Wood Sci Ctr, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden; Innventia AB, SE-11428 Stockholm, Sweden; Cellutech AB, GreenHouse Labs, SE-11428 Stockholm, Sweden; Lund Univ, Dept Chem, Ctr Anal & Synth, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden

    Superhydrophobic surfaces have been fabricated in a continuous spray process, where an alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) wax is dissolved in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) and sprayed onto the substrate. The mass of extracted AKD from scCO2 has been investigated as well as the pressure, temperature, and flow of CO2 at the steady-state spray conditions. Several different substrates such as glass, aluminum, paper, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) have been successfully coated, and the superhydrophobic properties have been evaluated by measurement of water contact angle, water drop friction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and surface topography. The most efficient spray process, considering surface properties and mass of extracted AKD, is obtained at the lowest temperature investigated, 67 degrees C, and the highest pressure evaluated in this study, 25 MPa. We also show that the influence of preexpansion conditions (p, T) on the surface temperature at the selected spray distance (3 cm) is negligible by measurement with an infrared camera during spraying.