Preparation of solid surfaces for native chemical ligation in the quartz crystal microbalance
The preparation of a nonporous solid surface for native chemical ligation is described. A cysteine residue is covalently attached to the surface by means of a series of reactions. In a reaction analogous to that used for native chemical ligation, the surface-attached cysteine residue reacts with a thioester to form an amide linkage. All of the reaction steps except the derivatization of the nonporous solid surface with amino-ended silane are conducted within the flow cell of a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. This sensitive instrument allows each reaction step to be followed in real time, with simultaneous quantification of the mass added and removed in different steps. The number of protected cysteine residues attached per square nanometer is consistent with the number of protecting groups removed in each deprotection step and also with the number of thioesters reacting with the deprotected cysteine. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.