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    Biodegradable Cellulose Nanocomposite Substrate for Recyclable Flexible Printed Electronics

    Year: 2023

    Journal: Advanced Electronic Materials, Volume 9, 2023, page 2201094

    Authors: Jaiswal, Aayush Kumar; Kumar, Vinay; Jansson, Elina; Huttunen, Olli-Heikki; Yamamoto, Akio; Vikman, Minna; Khakalo, Alexey; Hiltunen, Jussi; Behfar, Mohammad H.

    Keywords: cellulose; biocomposite films; flexible devices; printed electronics; sustainability

    Printed, flexible, and hybrid electronic technologies are advancing rapidly leading to remarkable developments in smart wearables, intelligent textiles, and health monitoring systems. Flexible electronics are typically fabricated on petroleum-derived polymeric substrates. However, in the light of global environmental concerns regarding fossil raw materials, there is a need to drive the production of flexible electronics devices based on sustainable materials. Additionally, there is a need to reduce the quantity of electronic waste by developing material recovery and recycling technologies. Here, a fully biobased and biodegradable substrate tailored for printed flexible electronic applications is developed. Based on a nanocomposite of cellulose nanofibril (CNF) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), the substrate shows excellent mechanical and optical properties for printed flexible electronics applications. High-resolution screen printing of conductive ink and typical electronics assembly processes are possible to realize on the substrate. An electrocardiograph (ECG) device is fabricated on the cellulosic substrate as a technology demonstrator and its performance is confirmed on human volunteers. Last, end-of-life scenarios are studied for printed electronic devices where device degradation and subsequent material recovery concepts are presented. This work demonstrates that sustainable plant-derived materials can play a big role toward a green transition in the electronics industry.
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