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    Bioinstructive Micro-Nanotextured Zirconia Ceramic Interfaces for Guiding and Stimulating an Osteogenic Response In Vitro

    Year: 2020

    Journal: Nanomaterials, Volume 10, DEC

    Authors: Sima, Livia Elena; Bonciu, Anca; Baciu, Madalina; Anghel, Iulia; Dumitrescu, Luminita Nicoleta; Rusen, Laurentiu; Dinca, Valentina

    Organizations: European Social FundEuropean Social Fund (ESF) [POSDRU/89/1.5/S/60746]; UEFISCDIConsiliul National al Cercetarii Stiintifice (CNCS)Unitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si Inovarii (UEFISCDI) [PCCDI63/2018 (PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI2017-0728)]; Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, under Romanian National Nucleu Program LAPLAS VI [16N/2019, 529PED/2020 (PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2019-2695)]; Structural and Functional Proteomics Research Program of the Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy

    Keywords: Zirconia; mesenchymal stem cells; micro-nano topography; osteogenic differentiation; bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA)

    Osseous implantology's material requirements include a lack of potential for inducing allergic disorders and providing both functional and esthetic features for the patient's benefit. Despite being bioinert, Zirconia ceramics have become a candidate of interest to be used as an alternative to titanium dental and cochlear bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) implants, implying the need for endowing the surface with biologically instructive properties by changing basic parameters such as surface texture. Within this context, we propose anisotropic and isotropic patterns (linear microgroove arrays, and superimposed crossline microgroove arrays, respectively) textured in zirconia substrates, as bioinstructive interfaces to guide the cytoskeletal organization of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The designed textured micro-nano interfaces with either steep ridges and microgratings or curved edges, and nanoroughened walls obtained by direct femtosecond laser texturing are used to evaluate the hMSC response parameters and osteogenic differentiation to each topography. Our results show parallel micro line anisotropic surfaces are able to guide cell growth only for the steep surfaces, while the curved ones reduce the initial response and show the lowest osteogenic response. An improved osteogenic phenotype of hMSCs is obtained when grown onto isotropic grid/pillar-like patterns, showing an improved cell coverage and Ca/P ratio, with direct implications for BAHA prosthetic development, or other future applications in regenerating bone defects.
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