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    Characterisation of laccase-mediated lignin polymerisation: implications for molecular weight, thermal stability, and electrical properties

    Year: 2023

    Journal: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, Volume 15, 01/01/2025

    Authors: Claro, Francine C.; de Lima, Gabriel G.; de Lima, Tielidy A. M.; Hansel, Fabricio A.; Matos, Mailson; Avelino, Francisco; Oliveira, Davi R.; Lomonaco, Diego; Magalhães, Washington L.E.

    Keywords: Antioxidants; Electric conduction; Kraft lignin; Laccase polymerisation; Lignin polymerisation

    Kraft lignin was oligomerised using a bulk laccase solution in varying amounts of buffer and ethanol solvents. The activity of laccase and kinetic parameters was analysed by adjusting the buffer pH and ethanol:buffer ratio. The qualitative weighted average molecular weight (Mw) distribution showed significant variation when ethanol (40:60) solvent was used. GPC analysis confirmed the presence of fractions with higher molecular weight, where the Mw after 30 min was 7859, compared to 90 min in the buffer medium, where Mw was only 1779. These condensed units exhibited lower antioxidant values, characteristic of a polymerisation reaction. Py-GC/MS analysis demonstrated that the sample with the highest molecular weight displayed increased G-type lignin units and higher levels of polysaccharides residue compared to the original kraft lignin. The addition of ethanol as a green solvent, mixed with buffer, resulted in a 4.4-fold increase in Mw compared to buffer alone. These findings highlight the advantageous role of ethanol as a medium to obtain lignin units with high molecular weight.
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