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    Detection of the Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 with Electrochemical and Impedance-Based Biosensors

    Year: 2019

    Journal: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, Volume 11, DEC 18, page 46645–46650

    Authors: Soares, Juliana Coatrini; Soares, Andrey Coatrini; Rodrigues, Valquiria Cruz; Melendez, Matias Eliseo; Santos, Alexandre Cesar; Faria, Eliney Ferreira; Reis, Rui M.; Carvalho, Andre Lopes; Oliveira, Osvaldo N., Jr.

    Organizations: CNPqConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) [164356/2015-0, 113757/2018-2]; FAPESPFundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2013/14262-7]; Barretos Cancer Hospital (Brazil); Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2018/18953-8]; CAPESCoordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [88887364257/2019]

    Keywords: biosensors; prostate cancer; PCA3; impedance spectroscopy; EIS; DNA

    Diagnosis of prostate cancer via PCA3 biomarker detection is promising to be much more efficient than with the prostatic specific antigens currently used. In this study, we present the first electrochemical and impedance-based biosensors that are capable of detecting PCA3 down to 0.128 nmol/L. The biosensors were made with a layer of PCA3-complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe, immobilized on a layer-by-layer (LbL) film of chitosan (CHT) and carbon nanotubes (MVVCNT). They are highly selective to PCA3, which was confirmed in impedance measurements and with polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). Using information visualization methods, we could also distinguish between cell lines expressing the endogenous PCA3 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) from cells that did not contain detectable levels of this biomarker. Since the methods involved in fabrication the biosensors are potentially low cost, one may hope to deploy PCA3 tests in any laboratory of clinical analyses and even for point-of-care diagnostics.
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