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    Effect of benzalkonium chloride addition to EDTA on attachment and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells on dentin and on transforming growth factor-beta 1 release

    Year: 2021

    Journal: Odontology, Volume 109, APR, page 313–320

    Authors: Eren, Selen Kucukkaya; Zirh, Elham Bahador; Zeybek, Naciye Dilara; Ors, Sevinc Askerbeyli; Aksel, Hacer; Parashos, Peter

    Organizations: Hacettepe University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [THD-2018-16215]

    Keywords: Benzalkonium chloride; Regenerative endodontics; TGF-beta 1

    To investigate the effect of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) addition to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) release, as well as attachment and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) on dentin. A total of standard 268 human dentin disks were prepared and immersed in 1.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 5 min. The disks were rinsed with distilled water and randomly divided into seven groups. In control group, the disks received no further treatment. The remaining disks were immersed in following solutions: 17% EDTA or 17% EDTA + 0.008% BAC for 1, 5 or 10 min and rinsed with distilled water. DPSCs were seeded in part of the disks since the TGF-beta 1 release assay was performed with disks with and without cells. The attachment and proliferation of DPSCs on dentin disks were analyzed using lactate dehydrogenase activity and WST-1 assays, respectively. The cell morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The release of TGF-beta 1 was quantified using ELISA. Data were analyzed using three- and two-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni corrections. Both EDTA solutions increased the attachment and proliferation of DPSCs (p < .05) while there was no significant difference between them (p > .05). The exposure time of both EDTA solutions had no influence on cell attachment, proliferation and TGF-beta 1 release (p > .05). There was no significant difference in TGF-beta 1 release between the control and experimental groups (p > .05). The amount of released TGF-beta 1 from dentin disks was similar whether or not they were seeded with cells (p > .05). Dentin treatment with either of the EDTA solutions had no effect on the amount of TGF-beta 1 release while both EDTA solutions improved cell attachment and proliferation on dentin surface regardless of exposure time.
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