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    Fabrication of pristine electrospun kafirin nanofiber mats loaded with thymol and carvacrol

    Year: 2021

    Journal: J. Mater. Sci., Volume 56, APR, page 7155–7170

    Authors: Higashiyama, Yumi; Turasan, Hazal; Cakmak, Miko; Kokini, Jozef

    Organizations: College of Agriculture from Purdue University through Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship program of the College of Engineering; Department of Food Science from Purdue University through Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship program of the College of Engineering; Scholle Endowment of Purdue University [F.00093509.06.001]

    In this project, we fabricated electrospun nanofiber mats from pristine kafirin, the storage protein of sorghum, for the first time which have the potential to be used as eco-friendly food packaging materials. The first novel step was kafirin extraction which showed that the purity of kafirin was higher in double-purification compared to single-purification, which led to high quality nanosized round, straight, unbroken and unentangled fibers. The electrospinning results indicate that binary solvent, 75% (v/v) acetic acid (AcOH) and 25% (v/v) butanol (BuOH) mixture, allows fabrication of homogenous nanofiber mats at 0.4 g/ml kafirin-to-solvent ratio, which is critical for to obtain good mechanical strength for the mats. Encapsulation of thymol and carvacrol was successful when the loading concentrations were 0.1 g/ml and 0.1-0.2 g/ml, for thymol and carvacrol, respectively. Loading of the fibers with the bioactives was confirmed with FTIR where the characteristic peaks for the bioactives appeared at 950 cm(-1), 1150 cm(-1), 1200 cm(-1) and 1250 cm(-1). Thymol or carvacrol encapsulation led to the conversion of some of the beta-turn structures of kafirin into beta-sheet structures. Surface hydrophilicity of loaded kafirin fiber mats decreased with increasing carvacrol concentration and increased with increasing thymol concentration. [GRAPHICS]
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