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    Hierarchical Nanocomposites Electrospun Carbon NanoFibers/Carbon Nanotubes as a Structural Element of Potentiometric Sensors

    Year: 2022

    Journal: Materials, Volume 15, JUL

    Authors: Niemiec, Barbara; Zambrzycki, Marcel; Piech, Robert; Wardak, Cecylia; Paczosa-Bator, Beata

    Organizations: Polish Ministry of Science and Education [16.16.160.557]

    Keywords: hierarchical nanocomposites; carbon nanotubes; carbon nanofibers; potentiometric sensor; potassium determination; hydrophobic material

    This work proposes new carbon materials for intermediate layers in solid-contact electrodes sensitive for potassium ions. The group of tested materials includes electrospun carbon nanofibers, electrospun carbon nanofibers with incorporated cobalt nanoparticles and hierarchical nanocomposites composed of carbon nanotubes deposited on nanofibers with different metal nanoparticles (cobalt or nickel) and nanotube density (high or low). Materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and contact angle microscopy. Electrical parameters of ready-to-use electrodes were characterized using chronopotentiometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The best results were obtained for potassium electrodes with carbon nanofibers with nickel-cobalt nanoparticles and high density of nanotubes layer: the highest capacity value (330 mu F), the lowest detection limit (10(-6.3) M), the widest linear range (10(-6)-10(-1)) and the best reproducibility of normal potential (0.9 mV). On the other hand the best potential reversibility, the lowest potential drift (20 mu V center dot h(-1)) in the long-term test and the best hydrophobicity (contact angle 168 degrees) were obtained for electrode with carbon nanofibers with cobalt nanoparticles and high density of carbon nanotubes. The proposed electrodes can be used successfully in potassium analysis of real samples as shown in the example of tomato juices.
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