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    Nitrogen plasma modification boosts up the hemocompatibility of new PVDF-carbon nanohorns composite materials with potential cardiological and circulatory system implants application

    Year: 2022

    Journal: Biomater. Adv., Volume 138, JUL

    Authors: Zieba, Monika; Rusak, Tomasz; Misztal, Tomasz; Zieba, Wojciech; Marcinczyk, Natalia; Czarnecka, Joanna; Al-Gharabli, Samer; Kujawa, Joanna; Terzyk, Artur P.

    Organizations: National Science Centre, Poland [2017/25/B/ST5/00975]; Project Universitas Copernicana Thoruniensis In Futuro (2018-2022) [POWR.03.05.00-00-Z302/17]; European Social Fund-the Operational Programme Knowledge Education Development. Module 5. Interdisciplinary PhD School Academia Copernicana

    Keywords: PVDF; Carbon nanohorns; Plasma treatment; Hemocompatibility; Optimisation procedure

    To design new material for blood-related applications one needs to consider various factors such as cytotoxicity, platelet adhesion, or anti-thrombogenic properties. The aim of this work is the design of new, highly effective materials possessing high blood compatibility. To do this, the new composites based on the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) support covered with a single-walled carbon nanohorns (CNHs) layer were prepared. The PVDFCNHs composites were subsequently used for the first time in the hemocompatibility studies. To raise the hemocompatibility a new, never applied before for CNHs, plasma-surface modifications in air, nitrogen and ammonia were implemented. This relatively cheap, facile and easy method allows generating the new hybrid materials with high effectiveness and significant differences in surface properties (water contact angle, surface ??-potential, and surface functional groups composition). Changing those properties made it possible to select the most promising samples for blood-related applications. This was done in a fully controlled way by applying Taguchi's ???orthogonal array??? procedure. It is shown for the first time that nitrogen plasma treatment of new surfaces is the best tool for hemocompatibility rise and leads to very low blood platelet adhesion, no cytotoxicity, and excellent performance in thromboelastometry and hemolysis tests. We propose a possible mechanism explaining this behavior. The optimisation results are coherent with biological characterisation and are supported with Hansen Solubility Parameters. New surfaces can find potential applications in cardiological and circulatory system implants as well as other blood-related biomaterials.
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