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    Single-vesicle imaging reveals lipid-selective and stepwise membrane disruption by monomeric alpha-synuclein

    Year: 2020

    Journal: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., Volume 117, JUN 23, page 14178–14186

    Authors: Hannestad, Jonas K.; Rocha, Sandra; Agnarsson, Bjorn; Zhdanov, Vladimir P.; Wittung-Stafshede, Pernilla; Hook, Fredrik

    Keywords: alpha-synuclein; single-vesicle scattering; lipid vesicle; membrane interaction

    The interaction of the neuronal protein alpha-synuclein with lipid membranes appears crucial in the context of Parkinson's disease, but the underlying mechanistic details, including the roles of different lipids in pathogenic protein aggregation and membrane disruption, remain elusive. Here, we used single-vesicle resolution fluorescence and label-free scattering microscopy to investigate the interaction kinetics of monomeric alpha-synuclein with surface-tethered vesicles composed of different negatively charged lipids. Supported by a theoretical model to account for structural changes in scattering properties of surface-tethered lipid vesicles, the data demonstrate stepwise vesicle disruption and asymmetric membrane deformation upon alpha-synuclein binding to phosphatidylglycerol vesicles at protein concentrations down to 10 nM (similar to 100 proteins per vesicle). In contrast, phosphatidylserine vesicles were only marginally affected. These insights into structural consequences of alpha-synuclein interaction with lipid vesicles highlight the contrasting roles of different anionic lipids, which may be of mechanistic relevance for both normal protein function (e.g., synaptic vesicle binding) and dysfunction (e.g., mitochondrial membrane interaction).