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    Studies of Langmuir and Langmuir-Schaefer Films of Poly(3-Hexylthiophene) and Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)

    Year: 2020

    Journal: J. Phys. Chem. B, Volume 124, AUG 13, page 7037–7045

    Authors: Sanfelice, RC; Balogh, DT; Lederle, F; Adams, J; Beuermann, S

    Organizations: CNPq (Brazil)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) [307725/2018-9]; Lower Saxony Ministry of Science and Culture within the PhD program Self-organizing multifunctional structures for adaptive high performance lightweight constructions

    The synergistic use of blends of regiore ar poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) or poly((vinylidene fluoride)-block-(methyl methacrylate)) (PVDF-PMMA) to form Langmuir and Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) films is reported. P3HT has wide applications in sensor devices because of its properties such as conductivity, luminescence, and chromism; however, the stiffness of the films and the difficulty in organizing the molecules may pose a problem in these applications. In this context, polymers based on PVDF can be used in the formation of thin P3HT films and present an alternative to improve the organization of P3HT molecules. In addition, PVDF acts as a plasticizer, making the film less rigid. The films were obtained from the blends of P3HT/PVDF and P3HT/PVDF-PMMA in a solution containing chloroform and DMAc (N,N-dimethylacetamide). Surface pressure isotherms, in situ ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, polarization-modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy, and Brewster angle microscopy techniques were used to analyze Langmuir films. The surface morphology of LS films was characterized by atomic force microscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy, and their degradation was analyzed by UV-vis spectroscopy after exposure to natural light under atmospheric conditions. The Langmuir films containing PVDF indicate a direct formation of the ferroelectric beta phase, with dipoles parallel to the water surface. The Langmuir films formed by P3HT presented dipoles of side chains parallel and aromatic groups perpendicular to the water surface. P3HT and PVDF or PVDF-PMMA films show high molecular organization compared with pure P3HT films. The results suggest that these films could be used to improve the properties of P3HT in several device applications, such as in optical and electrical sensors.
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