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    Synergistic effect of lignin incorporation into polystyrene for producing sustainable superadsorbent

    Year: 2019

    Journal: RSC Adv., Volume 9, JUN 9, page 17639–17652

    Authors: Ghavidel, Nasim; Fatehi, Pedram

    Organizations: NSERCNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canada Research ChairsCanada Research ChairsCGIAR; Canada Foundation for InnovationCanada Foundation for InnovationCGIAR; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation programs

    Lignin has gained intensive interest as an excellent raw material for the generation of advanced green products. Polystyrene (PS) is known for its worldwide application in water purification processes. To induce a sustainable PS, kraft lignin (KL) and polystyrene were polymerized via free radical polymerization in a facile aqueous emulsion process. KL enhanced surface area and porosity of PS. The physicochemical properties of induced KL-PS were analyzed, and the fate of lignin in KL-PS was discussed fundamentally. Wettability and surface energy analyses were implemented to monitor the surface properties of KL, PS and KL-PS. Incorporation of KL in PS (40 wt%) boosted its surface energy and oxygen content, which led to KL-PS with better compatibility than PS with copper ions in aqueous systems. A quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) confirmed the noticeably higher adsorption performance of copper ion on KL-PS than on PS and KL. The sorption mechanism, which was revealed by FTIR studies, was primarily attributed to the coordination of Cu(ii) and hydroxyl group of KL-PS as well as the quadrupolar system of KL-PS.
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