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    TPU-based antiplatelet cardiovascular prostheses prepared using fused deposition modelling

    Year: 2022

    Journal: Mater. Des., Volume 220, AUG

    Authors: Dominguez-Robles, Juan; Utomo, Emilia; Cornelius, Victoria A.; Anjani, Qonita Kurnia; Korelidou, Anna; Gonzalez, Zoilo; Donnelly, Ryan F.; Margariti, Andriana; Delgado-Aguilar, Marc; Tarres, Quim; Larraneta, Eneko

    Organizations: Wellcome Trust [UNS40040]; Queen's University Belfast CITI-GENS project - European Union's Horizon 2020 under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant [945231]

    Keywords: Thermoplastic polyurethane; Fused deposition modelling; 3D printing; Vascular grafts; Dipyridamole; Antiplatelet materials

    This work describes the use of fused deposition modelling (FDM) to prepare antiplatelet thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based tubular grafts. FDM 3D-printing technology is widely available and provides the ability to easily design tubular grafts on demand, enabling the customisation of vascular prosthesis dimensions. An antiplatelet drug, dipyridamole (DIP), was combined with TPU using hot-melt extrusion to prepare filaments. DIP cargos ranged between 5 and 20% (w/w). The resulting filaments were used to prepare small diameter vascular grafts using FDM. These grafts were characterised. Moreover, DIP release kinetics, antiplatelet activity and in vitro hemo-and cytocompatibility were evaluated. The results sug-gested that the materials could provide sustained DIP release for 30 days. Moreover, the presence of 5% DIP in the material showed a clear antiplatelet effect compared with pristine TPU. Alternatively, higher DIP loadings resulted higher surface roughness leading to higher platelet adhesion. Therefore, the bio-compatibility of 5% DIP samples was tested showing that this type of materials allowed higher HUVEC cell proliferation compared to pristine TPU samples. Finally, DIP loaded TPU was combined with rifampicin-loaded TPU to prepare double-layered tubular grafts. These grafts demonstrated a clear antimicrobial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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