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These test methods cover the determination of surface tension and interfacial tension of solutions of surface-active agents using a tensiometer. Method A covers aqueous solutions of surface-active agents, but is also applicable to non-aqueous solutions and mixed solvent solutions. Method B is applicable to two-phase solutions. More than one solute component may be present, including solute components that are not in themselves surface-active.
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of surface tension and interfacial tension of solutions of surface-active agents, as defined in Terminology D459. Two methods are covered as follows:
1.2 Method A is written primarily to cover aqueous solutions of surface-active agents, but is also applicable to non-aqueous solutions and mixed solvent solutions.
1.3 Method B is applicable to two-phase solutions. More than one solute component may be present, including solute components that are not in themselves surface-active.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.
Interfacial tension measurements on electrical insulating oils provide a sensitive means of detecting small amounts of soluble polar contaminants and products of oxidation. A high value for new mineral insulating oil indicates the absence of most undesirable polar contaminants. The test is frequently applied to service-aged oils as an indication of the degree of deterioration.
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the interfacial tension between mineral oil and water, under non-equilibrium conditions.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ISO 1409:2006 specifies a ring method for the determination of the surface tension of polymer dispersions and rubber lattices (natural and synthetic).
The method is valid for polymer dispersions and rubber lattices with a viscosity less than 200 mPa·s. To achieve this, the dispersion or latex is diluted with water to a mass fraction of total solids of 40 %. If necessary, the solids content is further reduced to ensure that the viscosity is under the specified limit.
The method is also suitable for pre-vulcanized lattices and compounded materials.
This Test Guideline describes methods to determine the surface tension (in N/m) of aqueous solutions. The methods are based on the measurement of the force which it is necessary to exert vertically on a stirrup or ring, in contact with the surface of the liquid, in order to separate it from the surface, or on a plate, with an edge in contact with the surface, in order to draw up the film that has formed. There are four different methods: the plate method, the stirrup method, the ring method and the OECD harmonized ring method. They are described in detail in the ISO Standard 304-1985. The methods described are applicable to aqueous solutions of most substances regardless of their degree of purity. The concentration should be 90% of the saturation solubility, but must below 1g/l. This shall therefore be carried out under a protective cover to avoid interference at 20°C approximately. The ring is immersed below the surface of the solution. Then the tabletop, where the measurement vessel is placed, is lowered gradually and evenly at a rate of approximately 0.5 cm/min to detach the ring from the surface until the maximum force is reached. The force is read on the tensiometer. After completing the first measurement, measurements are repeated until a constant surface tension value is reached.
This document specifies test methods for the determination of interfacial tension in the range from 4 mN/m to 50 mN/m between two immiscible liquids that can also be free from surface-active agents. It is particularly suitable for determining the interfacial tension between water or aqueous solutions and organic liquids that are immiscible with water.
This standard specifies test methods for the determination of surface tension of liquids, particularly surface-active agent solutions. The methods are suitable for determining the static surface tension of liquids, for example inorganic and organic liquids and solutions.