Aging of porous silicon in physiological conditions: Cell adhesion modes on scaled 1D micropatterns

The surface properties of porous silicon (PSi) evolve rapidly in phosphate-buffered saline. X-ray photoelectron spectra indicate the formation of a Si–OH and C–O enriched surface, which becomes increasingly hydrophilic with aging time. Multiscale stripe micropatterns of Si and PSi have been fabricated by means of a high-energy ion-beam irradiation process. These micropatterns have been aged in physiological conditions and used to analyze human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion. The actin cytoskeleton of hMSCs orients following the uniaxial micropatterns. In the wider Si stripes, hMSCs are dominantly located on Si areas. However, for reduced Si widths, adhesion is avoided on PSi by a split assembly of the actin cytoskeleton on two parallel Si areas. These results confirm that nanostructured Si–OH/C–O-rich surfaces with hydrophilic character are specially adapted for the creation of cell adhesion surface contrasts.