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    Blood compatibility of polymers derived from natural materials

    Year: 2012

    Journal: Journal of bioactive and compatible polymers 2012, 27 (4) 295-312, 20121211

    Authors: Mariangela Fedel, Tugba Endogan, Nesrin Hasirci, Devid Maniglio, Andrea Morelli, Federica Chiellini, Antonella Motta

    Organizations: Department of Materials Engineering and Industrial Technologies—UdR-INSTM and Biotech Research Centre, University of Trento, Trento, Italy , European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy, Graduate Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey , Biomedical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey , Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey , METU-BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey, Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (Biolab)—UdR-INSTM—Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Several polymers derived from natural materials are effective for tissue engineering or drug delivery applications, due to specific properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural activity. Their blood compatibility needs to be carefully evaluated to avoid thrombosis and other material-related adverse events in the hematic environment. We compared the surface properties and blood compatibility of protein and polysaccharide polymers, including fibroin, gelatin, and chitosan. Both fibroin and chitosan showed good hemocompatibility, with low platelet adhesion and spreading. Chitosan induced strong interactions with plasma proteins, especially with albumin. It was hypothesized that surface passivation by albumin inhibited the adsorption of other procoagulant and proadhesive proteins on chitosan and fibroin films, which limited platelet spreading. However, the significant and rapid polymer swelling encouraged protein entrapment within the soft, gelatin films, inducing higher platelet adhesion and activation. Thrombin generation assay confirmed the higher blood compatibility of chitosan and fibroin with regard to clotting.