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    Breakup of Double Emulsion Droplets in a Tapered Nozzle

    Year: 2011

    Journal: Langmuir 2011, 27 (8) pp 4324-4327, 20121211

    Authors: Jiang Li, Haosheng Chen, Howard A. Stone

    Organizations: Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States; School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States

    When double emulsion droplets flow through a tapered nozzle, the droplets may break up and cause the core to be released. We model the system on the basis of the capillary instability and show that a droplet will not break up when the tilt angle of the nozzle is larger than 9°. For smaller tilt angles, whether the droplet breaks up also depends on the diameter ratio of the core of the droplet to the orifice of the nozzle. We verified this mechanism by experiments. The ideas are useful for the design of nozzles not only to break droplets for controlled release but also to prevent the droplet from rupturing in applications requiring the reinjection of an emulsion.