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    Chapter 5 - Hemocompatibility Assessment of 3C-SiC for Cardiovascular Applications

    Year: 2012

    Journal: Silicon Carbide Biotechnology, 2012, Pages 153-208, 20111207

    Authors: Schettini N * †, Jaroszeski M.J. ‡, West L.§, Saddow S.E.*,¶

    Last authors: Stephen E. Saddow

    Organizations: * Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA † Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia ‡ Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA § Florida Center of Excellence for Drug Discovery and Innovation (CDDI), University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA ¶ Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA

    Country: Columbia, USA, US, United States, United States of America, America

    This chapter explores the hemocompatibility of crystalline silicon carbide (SiC), in its cubic form (i.e., 3C-SiC). Previous research suggests that silicon carbide (SiC), a hard, chemically robust material, very well suited for harsh environment applications, possesses a high degree of biocompatibility when in contact with mammalian tissues. Additionally, SiC, in its amorphous form, has been used as a coating for medical implantable devices such as bone prosthetics and cardiovascular stents. However, assessment of single-crystal 3C-SiC for cardiovascular applications has not been reported nor directly compared to Silicon (Si), the leading material in biosensing applications. In this research, the interactions of single-crystal 3C-SiC with platelets and human microvascular endothelial cell (HMVEC) have been studied in order to assess its degree of hemocompatibility.

    Statistical comparison and qualitative observation of fluorescence micrographs revealed higher platelet adhesion on Si than on SiC. In addition 3C-SiC surfaces showed less platelet reactivity, measured by the degree of platelet adhesion, aggregation, and activation, with mostly circular morphology of adhered platelets, while Si showed an elevated presence of nonactivated (circular) platelet clumps. A lower degree of platelet reactivity is associated with reduced thrombogenic behavior and improved blood compatibility, therefore suggesting that 3C-SiC is a promising candidate for bloodstream applications.

    Furthermore, HMVEC proliferation assessment suggested that 3C-SiC performs comparably to high attachment culture wells with enhanced proliferation, without affecting cell morphology, demonstrating high biocompatibility with this particular cell type.