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    Formation of surface nanobubbles on nanostructured substrates

    Year: 2017

    Journal: Nanoscale, Volume 9, JAN 21, page 1078–1086

    Authors: Wang, Lei; Wang, Xingya; Wang, Liansheng; Hu, Jun; Wang, Chun Lei; Zhao, Binyu; Zhang, Xuehua; Tai, Renzhong; He, Mengdong; Chen, Liqun; Zhang, Lijuan

    Organizations: Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Open Research Project of the Large Scientific Facility of the Chinese Academy of Sciences: Study on Self-assembly Technology and Nanometer Array with Ultra-high Density; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11079050, 11290165, 11305252, 11575281, U1532260]; National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB932801]; National Natural Science Foundation [11225527]; Shanghai Academic Leadership Program [13XD1404400]; 973 project [2012CB825705]; Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [U1532260, KJCX2-EW-W09]; ARC Future Fellowship [FFT120100473, DP140100805]

    The nucleation and stability of nanoscale gas bubbles located at a solid/liquid interface are attracting significant research interest. It is known that the physical and chemical properties of the solid surface are crucial for the formation and properties of the surface nanobubbles. Herein, we experimentally and numerically investigated the formation of nanobubbles on nanostructured substrates. Two kinds of nano-patterned surfaces, namely, nanotrenches and nanopores, were fabricated using an electron beam lithography technique and used as substrates for the formation of nanobubbles. Atomic force microscopy images showed that all nanobubbles were selectively located on the hydrophobic domains but not on the hydrophilic domains. The sizes and contact angles of the nanobubbles became smaller with a decrease in the size of the hydrophobic domains. The results indicated that the formation and stability of the nanobubbles could be controlled by regulating the sizes and periods of confinement of the hydrophobic nanopatterns. The experimental results were also supported by molecular dynamics simulations. The present study will be very helpful for understanding the effects of surface features on the nucleation and stability of nanobubbles/nanodroplets at a solid/liquid interface.
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