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    Graphene Oxide Interlayers for Robust, High-Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics

    Year: 2011

    Journal: J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2011, 2 (24), 3006–3012, 20131009

    Authors: Ian P. Murray, Sylvia J. Lou, Laura J. Cote, Stephen Loser, Cameron J. Kadleck, Tao Xu, Jodi M. Szarko, Brian S. Rolczynski, James E. Johns, Jiaxing Huang, Luping Yu, Lin X. Chen, Tobin J. Marks, Mark C. Hersam

    Organizations: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States; Argonne Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States; Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States; Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States; Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States

    Organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials have recently garnered significant attention as enablers of high power conversion efficiency (PCE), low-cost, mechanically flexible solar cells. Nevertheless, further understanding-based materials developments will be required to achieve full commercial viability. In particular, the performance and durability of many current generation OPVs are limited by poorly understood interfacial phenomena. Careful analysis of typical OPV architectures reveals that the standard electron-blocking layer, poly-3,4-ethylenedioxy-thiophene:poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), is likely a major factor limiting the device durability and possibly performance. Here we report that a single layer of electronically tuned graphene oxide is an effective replacement for PEDOT:PSS and that it significantly enhances device durability while concurrently templating a performance-optimal active layer π-stacked face-on microstructure. Such OPVs based on graphene oxide exhibit PCEs as high as 7.5% while providing a 5× enhancement in thermal aging lifetime and a 20× enhancement in humid ambient lifetime versus analogous PEDOT:PSS-based devices.