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    Hemocompatibility of chitosan/poly(acrylic acid) grafted polyurethane tubing

    Year: 2013

    Journal: J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 6382-6391, 20140104

    Authors: Hyun-Su Lee 1 2, Nancy Tomczyk 1, Judith Kandel 4, Russell J. Composto 2 3 4, and David M. Eckmann* 1 3 4

    Last authors: David M. Eckmann

    Organizations: 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, 331 John Morgan Building, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, USA E-mail: David.Eckmann@uphs.upenn.edu; Fax: +1 215 349 5078 ; Tel: +1 215 349 5348 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA 3 Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA 4 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA

    Country: USA, US, United States, United States of America, America

    The activation and adhesion of platelets or whole blood exposed to chitosan (CH) grafted surfaces is used to evaluate the hemocompatibility of biomaterials. The biomaterial surfaces are polyurethane (PU) tubes grafted with an inner poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and an outer CH or quaternary ammonium modified CH (CH-Q) brush. The CH, CH-Q and PAA grafted layers were characterized by ellipsometry and fluorescence microscopy. Material wear tests demonstrate that CH (CH-Q) is stably grafted onto PU tubes upon exposure to saline solution for 7 days. Using quartz-crystal microbalances with dissipation (QCM-D), in situ adsorption of blood plasma proteins on CH and CH-Q compared to a silicon oxide control was measured. The QCM-D results showed that the physically adsorbed plasma protein layer on CH-Q and CH surfaces is softer and more viscous than the protein layer on the SiO2 surface. The CH-Q layer thus has the weakest interaction with plasma proteins. Whole blood and platelet adhesion was reduced by 92% on CH-Q, which showed the weakest interaction with plasma protein but more viscous adsorbed plasma protein layer, compared to SiO2. Last, to examine the biologic response of platelets and neutrophils to biomaterial surfaces, CH (CH-Q)/PAA, PAA and PU tubes were tested using a Chandler Loop apparatus as an ex vivo model and flow cytometry. The blood adhesion and biologic response results showed that CH and CH-Q reduced adhesion and activation of platelets and neutrophils and improved hemocompatibility relative to other surfaces (PU and PAA). Our studies demonstrated that the properties of physically adsorbed plasma protein layer on biomaterial surfaces correlates with blood coagulation on biomaterial surfaces.