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    Immersion Electrospinning as a New Method to Direct Fiber Deposition

    Year: 2017

    Journal: Macromol. Mater. Eng., Volume 302, OCT

    Authors: Shepherd, Larissa M.; Frey, Margaret W.; Joo, Yong Lak

    Organizations: Department of Fiber Science & Apparel Design at Cornell University; NSF MRSEC program [DMR-1120296]

    Keywords: coagulation; directed steering; immersion electrospinning; poly(acrylonitrile)

    This paper describes a new method for directed steering of fibers via a combination of electro- and wet-spinning: Immersion Electrospinning. In this process, a polymeric dope is extruded directly into a coagulation bath (e.g., a blend of chloroform/mineral oil). Through increased drag force and reduced charge build-up on the fiber surface, the speed of the fiber jet, driven by an electric field, is greatly reduced in comparison to traditional electrospinning. This speed reduction coincides with suppression of the whipping motion, offering better control of jetting behavior. Immersion Electrospinning of poly(acrylonitrile), PAN, at five different electric fields ranging from 12.5 to 375 kV m(-1) shows continuous fiber formation until a critical electric field strength, E-crit = 125 kV m(-1). At E-crit, an increased whipping motion is observed and above E-crit, fiber disruption and fragmentation occur. Selectively applying approximate to 50 kV m(-1) to an array of electrodes produces a continuous PAN fiber in a square path.
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