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    Impaired bacterial attachment to light activated Ni–Ti alloy

    Year: 2010

    Journal: Materials Science and Engineering: C, Volume 30, Issue 2, 30 January 2010, Pages 225-234, 20111221

    Authors: Wojciech Chrzanowski a, Sabeel P. Valappil a, Charles W. Dunnill c , Ensanya A. Abou Neel a , Kevin Lee b , Ivan P. Parkin c , Michael Wilson e , David A. Armitage d , Jonathan C. Knowles a

    Organizations: a UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, 256 Gray's In Road, WC1X 8LD, London, UK, b London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17–19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, UK, c University College London, Centre for Materials Chemistry, Chemistry Department, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK, d De Montfort University, Leicester School of Pharmacy, The Gateway, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK, e UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Division of Microbial Diseases, 256 Gray's In Road, WC1X 8LD, London, UK

    Ni–Ti alloy due to its unique mechanical properties, is used for many types of implants. Failure of these implants can be attributed to many different factors; however infections are a common problem. In this paper, the attachment of the bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, to the Ni–Ti surface modified by a range of processes with and without of light activation (used to elicit antimicrobial properties of materials) was assessed and related to different surface characteristics. Before the light activation the number of bacterial colony forming units was the greatest for the samples thermally oxidised at 600 °C. This sample and the spark oxidised samples showed the highest photocatalytic activity but only the thermally oxidised samples at 600 °C showed a significant drop of S. aureus attachment. The findings in this study indicate that light activation and treating samples at 600 °C is a promising method for Ni–Ti implant applications with inherent antimicrobial properties. Light activation was shown to be an effective way to trigger photocatalytic reactions on samples covered with relatively thick titanium dioxide via accumulation of photons in the surface and a possible increase in defects which may result in free oxygen. Moreover, light activation caused an increase in the total surface energy.