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    Interfacial Serum Protein Effect on Biological Apatite Growth

    Year: 2011

    Journal: J. Phys. Chem. C, 2011, 115 (45), pp 22523–22533, 20111207

    Authors: Tagaya M. *‡, Ikoma T. †‡, Takeguchi M. §, Hanagata N. ‡, Tanaka J. †

    Last authors: Junzo Tanaka

    Organizations: Department of Metallurgy and Ceramics Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan Advanced Nano-Characterization Center, National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki 305-0003, Japan Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, Niigata 940-2188, Japan

    Country: Japan

    Biological apatite (BAp) growth from a simulated body fluid on various substrate surfaces (gold (Au), titanium (Ti), and hydroxyapatite (HAp)) with and without preadsorption of fetal bovine serum protein (FBS) at the initial nucleation stage was investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance with the dissipation (QCM-D) technique. The protein composition in the FBS adlayer and viscoelastic property was elucidated by the Voigt-based viscoelastic model and antibody-binding analysis, respectively. The bare HAp effectively induced the BAp growth to increase the mass to 25.9 ± 3.2 μg cm–2 in 40 h; however, a slight increased mass of less than 1 μg cm–2 was detected on the Au and Ti, indicating the superior biocompatibility of the HAp surface. The FBS adsorption on the bare Au and Ti rapidly reached a plateau as compared to that on the HAp, and the adsorbed amount of the FBS on the HAp was approximately 2 times greater than those on the Au and Ti. The FBS adlayer on HAp showed the higher saturated ΔD/Δf values in the ΔD–Δf plots, and the higher elasticity and viscosity were evaluated by the Voigt-based model. These viscoelasticities of the FBS adlayer depending on the surfaces were predominantly attributed to the adsorbed protein species (immunoglobulin (IgG) and albumin) based on the antibody-binding results. Particularly, the FBS adsorbed on HAp significantly inhibited the BAp growth, while that on Au and Ti showed a slight BAp growth. The growth rate on the FBS adlayers depended on the substrate surface, and the rate was in the order of HAp = Ti > Au. The rate on the FBS adsorbed on HAp was 10 times less than that on the bare surface. Although the FBS adlayer clearly inhibits the BAp growth, the relationship between the adsorbed IgG amount and the BAp growth was significantly correlated, indicating that the IgG molecules would promote the growth. It was suggested that the interfacial viscoelastic changes with the BAp growth depended on the substrate surface as well as the adsorbed protein properties. Therefore, the FBS adlayer significantly affected the BAp growth at the interface, indicating the importance of the interfacial protein effect.