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    Novel Biodegradable and Biocompatible Poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate)/Bacterial Cellulose Composites

    Year: 2012

    Journal: Advanced engineering materials, 2012, 14 (6) pp B330 -B343, 20130115

    Authors: Pooja Basnett, Jonathan C. Knowles, Fatemah Pishbin, Caroline Smith, Tajalli Keshavarz, Aldo R. Boccaccini, Ipsita Roy

    Organizations: Department of Applied and Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster; 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK, Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X8LD, UK, WCU Research Centre of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University, San#29, Anseo-dong, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 330-714, South Korea, Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany

    Novel poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate), P(3HO), and bacterial cellulose composites have been developed. P(3HO) is hydrophobic in nature whereas bacterial cellulose is extremely hydrophilic in nature. Therefore, homogenized bacterial cellulose has been chemically modified in order to achieve compatibility with the P(3HO) matrix. Modified bacterial cellulose microcrystals and P(3HO) have been physically blended and solvent casted into two-dimensional composite films. Mechanical characterization shows that the Young's modulus of the P(3HO)/bacterial cellulose composites is significantly higher in comparison to the neat P(3HO) film. The melting temperature (Tm) of the composites is lower while the glass transition temperature (Tg) is higher than the neat P(3HO) film. Also, the composite film has a rougher surface topography as compared to the neat P(3HO) film. A month's in vitro degradation study has been carried out in Dulbeccos modified eagle medium and in phosphate buffer saline. The incorporation of modified bacterial cellulose microcrystal in the P(3HO) film has increased the degradability of the composite film. Finally, in vitro biocompatibility studies using human microvascular endothelial cells established the biocompatibility of the P(3HO)/bacterial cellulose microcrystal films. The cell proliferation was 50–110% higher on the P(3HO)/bacterial cellulose composites as compared to the neat P(3HO) film. Hence, in this study, for the first time, P(3HO)/bacterial cellulose composites have been developed. The addition of bacterial cellulose has resulted in properties that are highly desirable for medical applications including the development of biodegradable stents.