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    Optical studies of spray development and combustion of water-in-diesel emulsion and microemulsion fuels

    Year: 2010

    Journal: Fuel, Volume 89, Issue 1, January 2010, Pages 122-132, 20111221

    Authors: Raúl Ochoterena a, * , Anna Lif b,c , Magnus Nydén b , Sven Andersson a , Ingemar Denbratt a

    Organizations: aDepartment of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, b Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Applied Surface Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden, c AkzoNobel Surface Chemistry AB, SE-444 85 Stenungsund, Sweden

    Physical properties, spray behaviour and combustion characteristics of a water-in-diesel emulsion, a water-in-diesel microemulsion and a conventional diesel fuel were investigated. The size of the drops, in the water-containing fuels, was measured by NMR diffusometry. Spray development and combustion were studied by optical methods in an optically accessed combustion vessel at conditions similar to those in a diesel engine. High speed shadowgraphs were employed to measure break-up, droplets penetration, vapour penetration and start of combustion. Combustion duration, flame temperature and relative soot concentration were determined by emission-based methods. Differences in spray behaviour suggest an enhanced atomisation for the water-containing fuels compared to regular diesel fuel. Moreover, reduced soot concentrations and flame temperature with increased combustion duration were noticed for the water-in-diesel fuels than for the regular diesel fuel.