Physisorption of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in Its Swollen and Collapsed States: Effects of Molecular Conformation and Substrate Interaction
The physisorption and the adsorption kinetics of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) in its swollen and collapsed states on a gold substrate have been studied by a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring technique. The adsorption kinetics exhibits exponential behavior following a change of PNIPAM concentration in the solution; the time constant of adsorption decreases with the increase of temperature and the concentration as the polymer is in its swollen state but remains nearly constant in the collapsed state. The growth mode of the adsorbed PNIPAM layer shows different behaviors for the two different states. In the concentration range covered in this study, PNIPAMs in the swollen state form a monolayer only on the gold substrate, while in the collapsed state the polymers may form a multilayer on the same substrate. The different adsorption behaviors in the two states can be explained in terms of the differences in molecular sizes and interactions of the molecules with substrate and solvent molecules.