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    Reactive Surfactants in Heterophase Polymerization. 10. Characterization of the Surface Activity of New Polymerizable Surfactants Derived from Maleic Anhydride

    Year: 1997

    Journal: Langmuir 1997, 13, 176-181, 20111221

    Authors: S. Âbele, M. Sjöberg, T. Hamaide, A. Zicmanis, and A. Guyot

    Organizations: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, 19 Boulevard Rainis, LV-1586 Riga, Latvia; Institute for Surface Chemistry, Box 5607, S-11486 Stockholm, Sweden; and Laboratoire de Chimie et Procds de Polymérisation, C.N.R.S. ESCPE Lyon 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, BP 2077, 69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France

    Characterization of the surface activity of previously obtained polymerizable dialkyl maleates is performed to find out the relation between the structure of surfactants and their performances. Thegiven polymerizable surfactants were synthesized for using in the emulsion polymerization. Three groups of dialkyl maleatessnonionics, cationics, and zwitterionicsswith different chain lengths of hydrophobic alkyl group are investigated. Critical micelle concentration (cmc) values are determined for water soluble surfactants. It is found that cmc decreases with increasing length of the hydrophobic alkyl group. For nonionic and cationic surfactants interfacial tension at the interface between water and dodecane is measured. Droplet size in oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions is determined for all given surfactants. Cationic and zwitterionic dialkyl maleates with the longest investigated alkyl chain (R = C16H33, C17H35) provide good stability of O/W emulsions. In order to compare the obtained results, measurements with well-known surfactantss nonionic nonylphenol-poly(ethylene oxide)(NPEO10) and cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)sare performed.