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    Surface Composition and Catalytic Evolution of Au x Pd1−x (x = 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75) Nanoparticles Under CO/O2 Reaction in Torr Pressure Regime and at 200 °C

    Year: 2011

    Journal: Catal Lett, 2011, 141 (5), 633-640, 20131009

    Authors: Selim Alayoglu, Franklin Tao, Virginia Altoe, Colin Specht, Zhongwei Zhu, Funda Aksoy, Derek R. Butcher, Russ J. Renzas, Zhi Liu, Gabor A. Somorjai

    Organizations: Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA; Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Advanced Light Sources, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Au x Pd1−x (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) nanoparticle (NP) catalysts (8–11 nm) were synthesized by a one-pot reaction strategy using colloidal chemistry. XPS depth profiles with variable X-ray energies and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analyses show that the as-synthesized Au x Pd1−x (x = 0.25 and 0.5) bimetallic NPs have gradient alloy structures with Au-rich cores and Pd-rich shells. The evolution of composition and structure in the surface region corresponding to a mean free path of 0.6–0.8 nm (i.e., 2–3 layers to the bulk from the particle surface) was studied with ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) under CO/O2 reaction in the Torr pressure regime. Under the reaction conditions of 80 mTorr CO and 200 mTorr O2 at 200 °C, the surface region of Au0.75Pd0.25 NP is Au-rich (~70% by Au). All Au x Pd1−x (x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) NP catalysts have higher turnover rates for the model CO/O2 reaction than pure Pd and pure Au NPs. The Pd-rich Au0.25Pd0.75 NPs show the highest turnover rates and the Pd-rich Au0.5Pd0.5 NPs the lowest turnover rates at 200 °C. Interestingly, the Au-rich Au0.75Pd0.25 NPs exhibit steady-state turnover rates which are intermediate to those of the Pd-rich bimetallic nanoparticles.