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    ToF-SIMS Analysis of UV-Switchable TiO2‑Nanoparticle-Coated Paper Surface

    Year: 2013

    Journal: Langmuir, 29, pp 3780-3790, 20130926

    Authors: Milena Stepien, Jarkko J. Saarinen, Hannu Teisala, Mikko Tuominen, Mikko Aromaa, Janne Haapanen, Jurkka Kuusipalo, Jyrki M. Mäkelä, Martti Toivakka

    Organizations: Laboratory of Paper Coating and Converting, Center for Functional Materials, Abo Akademi University, Porthansgatan 3, FI-20500 Åbo/Turku, Finland, Paper Converting and Packaging Technology, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 589, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States, Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, FI-33101 Tampere, Finland

    The chemical composition of a TiO2 nanoparticlecoated paper surface was analyzed using time-of-flightsecondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) to study theinterconnection between wettability and surface chemistry onthe nanoscale. In this work, a superhydrophobic TiO2 surfacerich in carboxyl-terminated molecules was created by a liquidflame spray process. The TiO2 nanoparticle coated paper surfacecan be converted by photocatalytic oxidation into a highlyhydrophilic one. Interestingly, the hydrophilic surface can beconverted back into a superhydrophobic surface by heat treatment.The results showed that both ultraviolet A (UVA) andoven treatment induce changes in the surface chemistry withina few nanometers of the paper surface. These findings are consistentwith those from our previously reported X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, but the ToF-SIMS analysisyields more accurate insight into the surface chemistry.