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    Bacterial biosurfactant increases ex situ biodiesel bioremediation in clayey soil

    Year: 2021

    Journal: Biodegradation, Volume 32, AUG, page 389–401

    Authors: Decesaro, Andressa; Rempel, Alan; Machado, Thais Strieder; Cappellaro, Angela Carolina; Machado, Bruna Strieder; Cechin, Iziquiel; Thome, Antonio; Colla, Luciane Maria

    Organizations: Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) [001]; Foundation of Support to the Research of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS); University of Passo Fundo (UPF)

    Keywords: Oily contaminants; Bacillus methylotrophicus; Lipopeptide; Contaminant retention

    The contamination of soils by oily compounds has several environmental impacts, which can be reversed through bioremediation, using biosurfactants as auxiliaries in the biodegradation process. In this study, we aimed to perform ex situ bioremediation of biodiesel-contaminated soil using biosurfactants produced by Bacillus methylotrophicus. A crude biosurfactant was produced in a whey-based culture medium supplemented with nutrients and was later added to biodiesel-contaminated clayey soil. The produced lipopeptide biosurfactant could reduce the surface tension of the fermentation broth to 30.2 mN/m. An increase in the microbial population was observed in the contaminated soil; this finding can be corroborated by the finding of increased CO2 release over days of bioremediation. Compared with natural attenuation, the addition of a lower concentration of the biosurfactant (0.5% w/w in relation to the mass of diesel oil) to the soil increased biodiesel removal by about 16% after 90 days. The added biosurfactant did not affect the retention of the contaminant in the soil, which is an important factor to be considered when applying in situ bioremediation technologies.
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