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    Bioactive zinc-doped sol-gel coating modulates protein adsorption patterns and in vitro cell responses

    Year: 2021

    Journal: Mater. Sci. Eng. C-Mater. Biol. Appl., Volume 121, FEB

    Authors: Cerqueira, A.; Romero-Gavilan, F.; Garcia-Arnaez, I; Martinez-Ramos, C.; Ozturan, S.; Iloro, I.; Azkargorta, M.; Elortza, F.; Izquierdo, R.; Gurruchaga, M.; Goni, I; Suay, J.

    Organizations: MINECO [MAT2017-86043-R, RTC-2017-6147-1]; Generalitat Valenciana [GRISOLIAP/2018/091]; Universitat Jaume I [UJI-B2017-37, Posdoc/2019/28]; University of the Basque Country [GIU18/189]; Basque Government [PRE_2017_2_0044]

    Keywords: Proteomics; Bioinorganic chemistry; Biomaterials; Bone regeneration; Hybrids

    Zinc is an essential element with an important role in stimulating the osteogenesis and mineralization and suppressing osteoclast differentiation. In this study, new bioactive ZnCl2-doped sol-gel materials were designed to be applied as coatings onto titanium. The biomaterials were physicochemically characterized and the cellular responses evaluated in vitro using MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and RAW264.7 macrophages. The effect of Zn on the adsorption of human serum proteins onto the material surface was evaluated through nLC-MS/MS. The incorporation of Zn did not affect the crosslinking of the sol-gel network. A controlled Zn2+ release was obtained, reaching values below 10 ppm after 21 days. The materials were no cytotoxic and lead to increased gene expression of ALP, TGF-beta, and RUNX2 in the osteoblasts. In macrophages, an increase of IL-1 beta, TGF-beta, and IL-4 gene expression was accompanied by a reduced TNF-alpha liberation. Proteomic results showed changes in the adsorption patterns of proteins associated with immunological, coagulative, and regenerative functions, in a Zn dose-dependent manner. The variations in protein adsorption might lead to the downregulation of the NF-kappa B pathway, thus explain the observed biological effects of Zn incorporation into biomaterials. Overall, these coatings demonstrated their potential to promote bone tissue regeneration.
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