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    Coating of bioactive glasses with chitosan: The effects of the glass composition and coating method on the surface properties, including preliminary in vitro results

    Year: 2023

    Journal: Surface and Coatings Technology, Volume 470, 2023-10-15, page 129824

    Authors: Spriano, S.; Riccucci, G.; Örlygsson, G.; Ng, C. H.; Vernè, E.; Sehn, F. P.; de Oliveira, P. T.; Ferraris, S.

    Keywords: Surface modification; Coating; Chitosan; Surface properties; Bioactive glass; In vitro tests

    Two bioactive glasses were coated with chitosan: SCNB belongs to the SiO2-CaO-Na2O system, and SCNA has the addition of Al2O3 to enhance chemical stability. Different coating methods were compared: direct physical attachment, surface activation through tresyl chloride, and polydopamine as a linker. The samples were characterized through SEM-EDS, contact angle measurements, FTIR, zeta potential titrations, tape tests, in vitro precipitation of hydroxylapatite (bioactivity), and cell cultures (RAW 264.7 and UMR-106) on some selected samples. Direct physical attachment (in acetic acid) or use of polydopamine allowed complete surface coverage, while it dropped to one-quarter on both glasses by using tresyl chloride. The coating had a contact angle of about 80° and it well showed typical functional groups (FTIR). The coatings on SCNA were chemically and mechanically stable (classified as 4-5B by the tape tests, partially maintained after soaking for 14 days), and showed an isoelectric point around 8. On SCNB, the coatings were unstable (classified as 0-3B, dissolved during soaking) but bioactivity was preserved. The coating affected the biological outcome of SCNA with M0/M1 polarization (1 day) and reduced viability of macrophages (3 days), while osteoblastic cells showed poor adhesion but maintained cell viability and osteogenic potential (3–7 days).
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