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    Dry mouth: saliva substitutes which adsorb and modify existing salivary condition films improve oral lubrication

    Year: 2020

    Journal: Clin. Oral Investig., Volume 24, NOV, page 4019–4030

    Authors: Vinke, Jeroen; Kaper, Hans J.; Vissink, Arjan; Sharma, Prashant K.

    Keywords: Ageing; Quality of life; Salivary lubrication; Xerostomia; Saliva substitutes; Friction; Biotribology

    Objectives The aims of this study are to assess different saliva substitutes for their efficacy to lubricate the oral cavity, and to relate this oral lubrication to the ability of saliva substitutes to adsorb on and change the structure of the existing salivary conditioning film (SCF). Materials and methods Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation was used to study the capability of saliva substitutes to interact with natural SCF and the ability to change the secondary SCF (S-SCF). A tongue-enamel friction system mimicking xerostomic conditions was used to assess the relief and relief period expected from these substitutes under set circumstances. Results Saliva Orthana spray, Biotene spray and Gum Hydral gel had an immediate effect on a SCF, increasing its structural softness. BioXtra gel, Biotene gel, Gum Hydral gel and Glandosane spray changed the S-SCF by increasing salivary protein adsorption, while others showed no sign of interaction. With respect to relief, only 2 out of the 16 saliva substitutes tested (Saliva Orthana spray and Gum Hydral gel) performed better than water. Overall, relief period correlated positively to structural softness change, whereas a positive correlation was seen between relief and mass adsorption. Conclusions The majority of saliva substitutes did not adsorb on the SCF, thus did not enhance lubrication. Only saliva substitutes containing carrageenan, carboxymethylcellulose, pig gastric mucin, xanthan gum and carbomer performed better in enhancing oral lubrication.
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