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    Glycerol plasticisation of chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose composites: Role of interactions in determining structure and properties

    Year: 2020

    Journal: Int. J. Biol. Macromol., Volume 163, NOV 15, page 683–693

    Authors: Chen, Pei; Xie, Fengwei; Tang, Fengzai; McNally, Tony

    Organizations: European UnionEuropean Commission [798225]; China Scholarship Council (CSC)China Scholarship Council; Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, Guangxi University for Nationalities, China [GXPSMM18ZD-02]

    Keywords: Polysaccharide thermomechanical processing; Chitosan; Carboxymethyl cellulose; Polyelectrolyte complexation; Graphene oxide; Glycerol

    Biopolymers such as chitosan and cellulose continue to attract much interest as they have many appealing characteristics such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, chemical versatility and natural functionality; however, many of their properties usually require further tailoring for specific purposes. This study shows that glycerol plasticisation and the addition of graphene oxide (GO) or reduced graphene oxide (rGO) altered the properties of chitosan and a chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) blend. For the chitosan/CMC matrix, GO or rGO was likely to disrupt polyelectrolyte complexation (PEC) between the two biopolymers, leading to weakened mechanical properties and increased surface hydrophilicity. Conversely, glycerol assisted PEC by increasing the biopolymer chain mobility, leading to reduced surface hydrophilicity. Moreover, some synergistic effects from a combination of glycerol and GO/rGO were evident. Specifically, GO/rGO notably increased the toughness of the chitosan film on inclusion of 40 wt% glycerol. Both GO and rGO reduced the relaxation temperatures of the chitosan/CMC film with 20 wt% glycerol added, resulting in increased biopolymer chain mobility. Moreover, the bionanocomposites showed high relative permittivity (54-387). Thus, this work describes how complex interactions in multiphasic biopolymer composite systems influence structure and properties. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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