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    High-Performance Strain Sensors Based on Au/Graphene Composite Films with Hierarchical Cracks for Wide Linear-Range Motion Monitoring

    Journal: ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

    Authors: Cheng, Xiang; Cai, Jun; Xu, Jiahua; Gong, De

    Organizations: National Natural Science Foundation of China [51775022]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2022M710302, 2022TQ0023, BGI2022-05]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

    Keywords: strain sensor; graphene-based composite; hierarchical crack; high sensitivity; linear sensing

    Stretchable strain sensors based on nanomaterial thin films have aroused extensive interest for the strain perception of smart skins. However, it still remains challenging to have them achieve high sensitivity over wide linear working ranges. Herein, we propose a facile strategy to fabricate stretchable strain sensors based on Au/graphene composite films (AGCFs) with hierarchical cracks and demonstrate their superior sensing performances. The polydimethylsiloxane substrates were covered with self-assembled graphene films (SAGFs) and sputtered with Au, and then prestretching was applied to introduce hierarchical cracks. The AGCF strain sensors exhibited high sensitivity (gauge factor (GF) approximate to 153) and favorable linearity (R-2 approximate to 0.9975) in the wide working range (0-20%) with ultralow overshooting (similar to 1.7% at 20%), fast response (<42.5 ms), and also excellent cycling stability (1500 cycles). Besides, these patternable sensors could further achieve higher GF (similar to 320) via pattern designing. The dominant effect of the intermediate wrinkled SAGFs in forming hierarchical cracks was studied, and the linear sensing mechanism of the as-formed fractal microstructures was also revealed in detail. Moreover, the AGCF strain sensors were tested for motion monitoring of the human body and electronic bird. Due to the remarkable versatility, scalable fabrication, and integration capability, these sensors demonstrate great potential to construct smart skins.
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