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Lignin containing cellulose nanofibril production from willow bark at 80 degrees C using a highly recyclable acid hydrotrope

Year: 2019

Journal: Ind. Crop. Prod., Volume 129, MAR, page 15–23

Authors: Dou, Jinze; Bian, Huiyang; Yelle, Daniel J.; Ago, Mariko; Vajanto, Krista; Vuorinen, Tapani; Zhu, Junyong (J. Y).

Organizations: DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Finnish Cultural Foundation

Keywords: Nanocellulose; Suberin; Aromatic substance; 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural; p-Toluenesulfonic acid; Willow bark

We conducted the first comparative exploration on lignin containing cellulose nanofibril films prepared alternatively from willow bark and wood using a highly recyclable acid hydrotrope, aqueous p-toluenesulfonic acid, as a sustainable means for isolating the nanofibrils. The nanofibrils of willow bark were hydrophobic and produced dense films of high strength under hot pressing. The hydrophobicity resulted from condensation of the residual lignin with low molecular weight aromatic substances of the bark and hydroxymethylfurfural formed in situ from fructose that is also present in the bark.