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    Mapping the Volume Transfer of Graphene-Based Inks with the Gravure Printing Process: Influence of Rheology and Printing Parameters

    Year: 2022

    Journal: Materials, Volume 15, APR

    Authors: Fakhari, Ahmad; Fernandes, Celio; Galindo-Rosales, Francisco Jose

    Organizations: FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) [LA/P/0045/2020, UIDB/00532/2020, UIDP/00532/2020]; FEDER funds through COMPETE2020-Programa Operacional Competitividade e InternacionalizacAo (POCI); national funds (PIDDAC) through FCT/MCTES; [PTDC/EME-APL/30765/2017-POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030765]; [2020.03203.CEECIND]

    Keywords: graphene-based inks; rheology; gravure printing process; OpenFoam; RheoTool

    It is a common practice to add rheology modifiers to functional inks, such as graphene inks, to optimize the rheological properties so that they can be printed with a certain printing technique. This practice may lead to inks formulations with poorer electrical, optical, and mechanical performance upon its application, which are of paramount importance in printed electronics. In this study, we demonstrate for three different commercial graphene-based inks that it is possible to control the amount of ink transferred to the flat surface by tweaking printing parameters, such as the velocity and the length scale of the gravure cell, without modifying the rheology of the ink. Finally, the results are summarized in printing maps based on dimensionless numbers, namely, the capillary and Reynolds numbers.
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