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    Metal Ion Size-Dependent Effects on Lipid Transmembrane Flip-Flop

    Year: 2019

    Journal: J. Phys. Chem. C, Volume 123, 1-Jul, page 17899–17907

    Authors: Ma, Yong-Hao; Li, Bolin; Yang, Jingjing; Han, Xiaofeng; Chen, Zhan; Lu, Xiaolin

    Organizations: State Key Development Program for Basic Research of ChinaState Key Development Program for Basic Research of China [2017YFA0700500]; National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of China [21574020]; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education (Southeast University); Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University; Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions

    Ion homeostasis regulated by diverse transport systems is important for cell functions, where the two major components of cell membranes, namely proteins and lipids, must play critical roles. The role of transport systems based on proteins, for example ion pumps and channels, has generally been acknowledged and studied in the past few decades, while the importance of lipid systems, for example lipid ion channels, has not been fully appreciated so far with the lack of detailed molecular-level information. Here, we applied sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy to investigate the lipid transmembrane movement, namely flip-flop, affected by metal ions for lipid bilayers, which is related to the cellular ion homeostasis. Metal ions in the same group (Ba2+, Sr2+, and Ca2+) but with different sizes were used; the distance between lipid molecules in a bilayer was also manipulated upon adjusting the surface pressure. We found that, on the one hand, there existed a match relationship between the metal ion size and the distance among the lipid molecules, which led to the significant decrease of the flip-flop rate for the lipid bilayer. On the other hand, the flip-flop process was accelerated when the metal ion size and the lipid distance were mismatched. This study highlights the ion size effects on the lipid transmembrane flip-flop rates, providing the inspiring clue for understanding the lipid function related to the cellular ion homeostasis.
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