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    Preparation and Characterization of Porous Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT) Scaffold with Polydopamine-Assisted Biomineralization for Bone Regeneration

    Year: 2022

    Journal: Materials, Volume 15, NOV

    Authors: Suttiat, Kullapop; Wattanutchariya, Wassanai; Manaspon, Chawan

    Organizations: National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) [2934737]

    Keywords: polymeric bone scaffold; mussel-inspired polydopamine; biomimetic mineralization; bone regeneration; osteogenesis

    The development of scaffolds that simultaneously provide porous architectures and osteogenic properties is the major challenge in tissue engineering. Herein, a scaffold with high porosity and well interconnected networks, namely poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT), was fabricated using the gas foaming/ammonium bicarbonate particulate leaching technique. Mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA)-assisted biomineralization generated by two-step simple soaking in dopamine solution and 10x SBF-like solution was performed to improve the material's osteogenicity. Highly porous scaffolds available in less organized opened cell structures with diameters ranging from 10 mu m to 100 mu m and 200 mu m to 500 mu m were successfully prepared. The well interconnected porous architectures were observed through the whole thickness of the scaffold. The even deposition of the organic-inorganic bioactive mineralized layer composed of PDA and nano-scale hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals on the scaffold surface was evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The developed scaffold exhibited high total porosity (84.17 +/- 1.29%), a lower surface contact angle (theta = 45.7 +/- 5.9 degrees), lower material degradation rate (7.63 +/- 2.56%), and a high level of material biocompatibility. The MTT assay and Alizarin Red S staining (ARS) confirmed its osteogenic enhancement property toward human osteoblast-like cells (MG-63). These results clarified that the developed porous PLA/PBAT scaffold with PDA-assisted biomineralization exhibited good potential for application as a biomaterial for bone tissue regeneration and hard tissue engineering.
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