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    Properties of Cellulose Nanofibers Extracted from Eucalyptus and their Emulsifying Role in the Oil-in-Water Pickering Emulsions

    Year: 2022

    Journal: Waste Biomass Valorization, Volume 13, JAN, page 689–705

    Authors: Martins, Lilian S.; dos Santos, Ronaldo Goncalves; Silva Spinace, Marcia A.

    Organizations: Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement, CAPES [1751838]; Sao Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP [2010/17804-7, 2011/00156-5]; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, CNPq [310410/2010-0]

    Keywords: Nanocellulose; Emulsifier; High-pressure homogenization; High-intensity ultrasound; Pickering emulsions

    In this work, nanocellulose particles were obtained from eucalyptus fibers by high-pressure homogenization (CNF) and by high-intensity ultrasound (SCNF). The nanocellulose was applied as a solid emulsifier for soybean oil in water (O/W) emulsions. The adding of 0.25-1 wt.% of both CNF and SCNF produced stable O/W emulsions without conventional surfactants. SCNF emulsions showed the highest stability and displayed the narrowest size distribution. Zeta potential values (- 40 to - 70 mV) indicated an electrical barrier to the droplet coalescence. The rheological behavior of O/W emulsions stabilized with CNF and SCNF was described by the Herschel-Buckley model. O/W emulsions produced with nanocellulose particles behave as shear thinning fluid, and their behavior index ranged from 0.33 to 0.68. Both CNF and SCNF emulsions displayed maximum yield stress at a particle concentration of 0.5 wt.% and 0.75 wt.%, respectively. Besides, the prepared O/W emulsions using 0.5 to 1.00 wt.% CNF or SCNF did not showed phase separation until 30 days of rest. The data point out to the feasibility of using nanocellulose as a natural emulsifier, which can replace conventional surfactants.
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