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    Self-lubricated nanoporous TiO2-TiN films fabricated on nanocrystalline layer of titanium with enhanced tribological properties

    Year: 2018

    Journal: Surf. Coat. Technol., Volume 351, OCT 15, page 162–170

    Authors: Ye, Yongda; Kure-Chu, Song-Zhu; Sun, Zhiyan; Matsubara, Takashi; Tang, Guoyi; Hihara, Takehiko; Okido, Masazumi; Yashiro, Hitoshi

    Organizations: Shenzhen Science and Technology Supporting Plan Project [GJHS20160331183313435]; Postdoctoral Science Foundation, China [2017M620770]; Nagoya Institute of Technology

    Keywords: Nanoporous TiO2-TiN films; Sparking anodization; Titanium; Electropulsing assisted ultrasonic surface; rolling process; Nanocrystalline layer; Tribological properties

    Nanoporous TiO2-TiN composite films with enhanced tribological properties were fabricated on commercial pure titanium by combining a mechanical surface modification process, i.e., electropulsing assisted ultrasonic surface rolling process (EP-USRP), and an electrochemical process, i.e. sparking anodization (SA) in an aqueous ammonia sulfate electrolyte. The EP-USRP endowed a gradient nanocrystalline layer with high surface hardness of similar to 295 HV (strengthened by similar to 41.1% to untreated sample) and deep hardening depth ( > 600 mu m). In addition, TiO2-TiN composite films fabricated on EP-USRP treated surface exhibited smoother morphology and more uniform pores than that of anodization without EP-USRP. The SA produced a sponge-like nanoporous TiO2-TiN composite film with anatase and rutile-TiO2 phases. Moreover, the surface wettability was remarkably improved compared to EP-USRP. The combinatorial technique led to lower friction coefficient and effectively inhibited the adhesion during wear test compared with turning, EP-USRP and anodization without EP-USRP, which could be attributed to the synergetic effects of the self-lubrication nature of nanoporous TiO2-TiN films by SA and the ultra-smooth and hardening nanocrystalline layer by EP-USRP. The promoted elastic deformation and the reduced adhesion wear rate by rutile-TiO2 phase as well as the lubricating and wettable grinding powder should be the primary intrinsic reasons for the improvements.
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