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    Superhydrophilic/Superhydrophobic Droplet Microarrays of Low Surface Tension Biofluids for Nucleic Acid Detection

    Year: 2023

    Journal: Advanced Materials Interfaces, Volume 11, 2024, page 2300596

    Authors: Awashra, Mohammad; Elomaa, Pinja; Ojalehto, Tuomas; Saavalainen, Päivi; Jokinen, Ville

    Keywords: biofluids; black silicon; digital nucleic acid amplification; microfluidics; wettability patterning

    Superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic patterned surfaces can be used to create droplet microarrays. A specific challenge with the liquids needed for various biomedical applications, as compared to pure water, is their lower surface tension and potential for contaminating the surfaces through adsorption. Here, a method is shown to create biofluid droplet microarrays using discontinuous dewetting of pure water, an oil protective layer, and finally biofluid exchange with the water droplet array. With this method, a droplet array of a viscous nucleic acid amplification solution can be formed with a low surface tension of 34 mN m−1 and a contact angle of only 76° with the used hydrophobic coating. This droplet array is applied for nucleic acid detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus using strand invasion-based amplification (SIBA) technology. It is shown that by using an array of 10 000 droplets of 50 µm diameter the limit of detection is 1 RNA copy µL−1. The results demonstrate that SIBA on droplet microarrays may be a quantitative technology.
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