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    Surface -Grafted Zwitterionic Polymers Improve the Efficacy of a Single Antibiotic Injection in Suppressing Staphylococcus aureus Periprosthetic Infections

    Year: 2020

    Journal: ACS Appl. Bio Mater., Volume 3, SEP 21, page 5896–5904

    Authors: Zhang, Ben; Skelly, Jordan D.; Braun, Benjamin M.; Ayers, David C.; Song, Jie

    Organizations: NIHUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA [R01AR068418]; National Science FoundationNational Science Foundation (NSF) [1541959]

    Keywords: anti-fouling; periprosthetic infections; zwitterionic polymer brush; Staphylococcus aureus; osteomyelitis; bacterial colonization on surfaces; planktonic bacteria

    Implant-associated bacterial infections are difficult to treat because of the tendency of biofilm formation on implant surfaces, which protects embedded pathogens from host defense and impedes antibiotic penetration, rendering systemic antibiotic injections ineffective. Here, we test the hypothesis that implant coatings that reduce bacterial colonization would make planktonic bacteria within the periprosthetic environment more susceptible to conventional systemic antibiotic treatment. We covalently grafted zwitterionic polymer brushes poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) from the Ti6A14V surface to increase the substrate surface hydrophilicity and reduce Staphylococcus aureus adhesion. Using a mouse femoral intramedullary (IM) canal infection model, we showed that the antifouling coating applied to Ti6AI4V IM implants, when combined with a single vancomycin systemic injection, significantly suppressed both the bacterial colonization on implant surfaces and the periprosthetic infections, outperforming either treatment alone. This work supports the hypothesis that grafting antifouling polymers to implant surfaces improves the efficacy of systemic antibiotic injections to combat periprosthetic infections.
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