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    Synthesis and Characterization of Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant Produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1340 for Emulsification of Oil Sludge in Oil Storage Tank

    Year: 2022

    Journal: Arab. J. Sci. Eng., Volume 47, JAN, page 219–226

    Authors: Ghorbani, Monire; Hosseini, Morteza; Najafpour, Ghasem; Hajimohammadi, Reza

    Organizations: Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering [BNUT/944150029/2016]

    Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Rhamnolipids; Emulsification index; Oily sludge; Biodegradation

    Accumulation of oily sludge in the petroleum industry causes various environmental problems. In this research, a biosurfactant obtained by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1340 was characterized. The biosurfactant can reduce the surface tension and promote the formation of oil/water emulsions facilitating oily sludge removal. For biosurfactant production, sunflower oil as a carbon source was used. Glycerol was also used as a comparative carbon source. The use of sunflower oil as a carbon source for biosurfactant production showed higher rhamnolipid production, expressed by rhamnose (2.09 g/L). The yields of rhamnolipid per sunflower oil (Y-RL/S) and rhamnolipid per biomass (Y-RL/X) in shake flask were 0.14 and 2.63 g/g, respectively. After 5 d of incubation, the rhamnolipid reduced the surface tension of cell-free broth from 70 to 26.8 mN/m. The critical micelle concentration was 0.123 g/L. The usage of the small volume of cell-free culture broth to remove sticky oily sludge may be an environmentally friendly and cost-efficient usable technology. Cell-free broth containing biosurfactant was able to produce high emulsification index (EI24) values for oily sludge (66 to 99%). The process proved to be highly effective for the removal of sticky oily sludge from oil-contaminated vessels and resulted in a 100% reduction in sludge volume.
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