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    Textile integrable mechanochromic strain sensor based on the interplay of supramolecular interactions

    Year: 2021

    Journal: Mater. Des., Volume 212, DEC 15

    Authors: Wojdalska, Katarzyna; Dong, Yujiao; Vapaavuori, Jaana

    Organizations: Department of Applied Physics in the School of Science at Aalto University; Academy of Finland SUPER-WEAR project [322214]

    Keywords: Mechanochromism; Strain sensors; RGB analysis; Disperse Red 1; Polyvinylpyrrolidone

    Mechanochromic materials, when exposed to mechanical deformation, undergo a modification of optical properties. This behaviour can stem from either conformational rearrangements, disruptions of inter-molecular interactions, or molecular structure changes affecting absorption, emission, or reflection abil-ities. Here reversible colour change of Disperse Red 1/polyvinylpyrrolidone films resulting from humidity annealing and subsequent stretching is reported. Due to the humidity-induced blue shift of the absor-bance peak related to exciton coupling of the chromophores, the tone of films abruptly changes from red to orange. Upon stretching, the gradual disaggregation of the chromophores takes place and therefore the colour switches back to red in a stepless manner. Using either red-green-blue analysis of time lapse photography or UV-Visible measurements, this transformation, which is also well visible by the naked eye, can be followed with high accuracy. This work offers the opportunity to apply the strain sensor in humid environments to prevent the mechanical failures by showing a colour change in areas subjected to undesired stress. Moreover, dip-coating yarns with mechanochromic coating allows fabrication of functional yarns that change their colour based on their stretching state - thus enabling preparation of colour-changing stretchable textiles was demonstrated. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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