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    Hydrogel Microcarriers with Functional Coatings Loaded with Naturally Occurring Chemotherapeutics for Potential Bladder Cancer Therapy

    Year: 2023

    Authors: Szczęsna, Weronika; Weżgowiec, Joanna; Tsirigotis-Maniecka, Marta; Szyk-Warszyńska, Lilianna; Warszynski, Piotr; Saczko, Jolanta; Wilk, Kazimiera Anna

    Keywords: cytotoxicity; Curcumin; epigallocatechin gallate; hydrogel microparticles; Lipid peroxidation; resveratrol

    Bladder cancer (BC) is a common urological malignancy with the highest recurrence rate of all cancers. Therefore, searching for efficient chemotherapeutic agents and novel strategies for BC treatment is still needed. Drug delivery systems for anti-cancer therapies have gained importance due to the enhanced bioavailability, solubility, and stability of biologically active substances. In the current study, we developed hydrogel microcarriers encapsulated with substances of natural origin, including resveratrol (RES), curcumin (CUR), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which have chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive properties. Alginate (ALG) based microparticles were loaded with RES, CUR, and EGCG using the emulsification method and then coated with polyelectrolyte (PE) films, such as chitosan (CHIT) or poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH). The morphology and mean diameter of obtained microcarriers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and encapsulation efficiency was determined by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The composition of particles was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and the physicochemical properties of functional PE layers were studied using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). The release profiles of active compounds from the hydrogel microparticles were described using the Peppas-Sahlin model. The cytotoxic effect of designed delivery systems was studied by evaluating their impact on the proliferation, mitochondrial metabolic function, and lipid peroxidation level of 5637 human bladder cancer cells. The present work demonstrates that the physicochemical and biological features of fabricated microcarriers can be controlled by the type of encapsulated chemotherapeutic agent and PE coating.
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